State DMV Permit Test Guides

Select your state for current permit test requirements, fees, and study resources. For the full source material, browse every state's official DMV driver's manual.

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Explore official requirements and permit test preparation by state

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Alabama Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Alaska Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Arizona Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Arkansas Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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California Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Colorado Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Connecticut Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Delaware Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Florida Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Georgia Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Hawaii Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Idaho Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Illinois Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Indiana Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Iowa Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Kansas Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Kentucky Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Louisiana Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Maine Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Maryland Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Massachusetts Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Michigan Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Minnesota Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Mississippi Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Missouri Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Montana Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Nebraska Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Nevada Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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New Hampshire Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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New Jersey Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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New Mexico Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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New York Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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North Carolina Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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North Dakota Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Ohio Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Oklahoma Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Oregon Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Pennsylvania Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Rhode Island Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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South Carolina Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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South Dakota Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Tennessee Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Texas Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Utah Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Vermont Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Virginia Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Washington Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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West Virginia Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Wisconsin Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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Wyoming Permit Guide

Requirements, fees, test format & study tips

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What Each State DMV Guide Covers

Every permit test is different. Minimum age, passing score, fee, and number of questions all vary by state. Each guide on this site pulls together the key facts so you know exactly what to expect before you walk into the DMV.

Age & Eligibility

The minimum age to apply for a learner's permit ranges from 14 in some states to 16 in others. Some states also require parental consent for applicants under 18.

Required Documents

Most states require proof of identity, Social Security number, and state residency. Real ID-compliant licenses require additional documentation.

Written Test Format

Question counts range from 20 to 50 depending on the state. Some states deliver the test on a computer; others still use paper. Certain states split the test into a signs section and a rules section.

Passing Score

The passing threshold is typically 80–83%, but varies. New York requires 70% while Virginia requires 80%. Knowing your state's bar helps you set the right study target.

Fees

Permit fees range from under $10 in some states to over $35 in others, and retake fees vary as well. Each guide lists the current fee schedule so there are no surprises.

Graduated Licensing Rules

Nearly every state uses a Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) system with nighttime driving restrictions, passenger limits, and a mandatory supervised driving period before a full license.

How to Get a Learner's Permit

The exact steps differ by state, but the overall process is consistent across the country. Here is what most first-time applicants go through.

  1. 1

    Check your state's minimum age and eligibility rules

    Most states allow you to apply between 15 and 16. Some states require a driver education course before you can test.

  2. 2

    Gather your documents

    You will typically need a birth certificate or passport, proof of Social Security number, and two documents showing your state address (utility bill, bank statement, school record).

  3. 3

    Study the driver's handbook

    The written knowledge test is drawn directly from your state's official driver handbook. Read it once end-to-end, then use practice tests to lock in the material.

  4. 4

    Pass the vision screening

    All states require a basic vision test at the DMV. If you wear glasses or contacts, bring them.

  5. 5

    Pass the written knowledge test

    The test is typically taken on-site at the DMV, though a handful of states allow online testing. You must reach the passing score in one session; partial credit is not awarded.

  6. 6

    Pay the permit fee and receive your permit

    Once you pass, you pay the fee and receive your learner's permit — either on the spot or by mail within a few days, depending on the state.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many questions are on the DMV permit test?

It depends on the state. Most written knowledge tests contain between 20 and 46 questions. California uses a 46-question test, New York uses 20, and Texas uses 30. Each state guide lists the exact number.

What score do I need to pass the permit test?

Most states set the passing threshold between 80% and 83%. A few states go lower (70% in New York) and some go higher (85% in a handful of states). Aim for 90%+ on practice tests to give yourself a comfortable buffer.

How many times can I retake the permit test if I fail?

Retake policies vary significantly. Some states allow unlimited retakes with no waiting period, while others impose a 7-day wait after the first failure and a longer wait after subsequent failures. Some states also charge a fee for each retake. Your state guide has the specific rules.

Do I need to take a driver education course before getting my permit?

In some states — including Georgia and Michigan — a driver education course is required for applicants under 18 before they can apply for a learner's permit. In most states it is optional, though completing one may reduce your required supervised driving hours or lower your insurance premium.

What is the difference between a learner's permit and a provisional license?

A learner's permit allows you to practice driving only while supervised by a licensed adult. After holding the permit for a required period and accumulating supervised driving hours, you can apply for a provisional (or intermediate) license, which allows unsupervised driving but with restrictions such as nighttime curfews and passenger limits. A full unrestricted license comes after the provisional stage.

Can I use my out-of-state permit to drive in another state?

Generally yes — most states honor an out-of-state learner's permit as long as you follow that state's supervision requirements. However, the rules are not uniform, so it is worth verifying with the specific state you plan to drive in.